Augustus l



(No Model.)

A. L. DUWELIUS.

Eleotro Magnetic Brake. No. 242,615. Patented June 7,1881.

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UNITE STATES PATENT Om ron.

AUGUSTUS L. DUWELIUS, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF, L. W. GOSS, H. D. PEOK, HUGO WALTER, AND FRANK R. MERRILL, ALL

OF SAME PLACE.

ELECTRO-MAGNETIC BRAKE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 242,615, dated June '7, 1881.

Application filed April s, 1881. (N model.)

To all whom it may concern Beitknown that I, AUGUSTUS L. DUWELIUS, a citizen of the United'States, residing at Oincinnati, Hamilton county, Ohio, have invented new and useful Improvements in Electi'o-Magnetic Brakes, of which the fol owing is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in apparatusfortheapplicationofelectro-magnetism to to braking railway-trains and other machinery,

. its object being to obtain a more efficient mechanical utilization ot'a given electromagnetic force, and to provide mechanism for its application adapted more perfectly to conditions of practical use.

To this end my invention consists in the devices hereinafter described, in which the friction of a chain-armature wound upon a revolving magnet actuated by an electric cur- 2o rent is applied to the ordinary braking system of railway-cars, interchangeably with the ordinary hand-brake.

My invention is embodied in mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in

2 5 which- Figure l is a side elevation of arailway-car truck and braking apparatus to which my invention is applied. Fig. 2 is a detached view, enlarged, of a portion of the apparatus, show- 0 ing the electro-magnet, chain-armature, and winding-pulley. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 4 is an axial section of the contactrings by which the electrical connection is formed; and Figs. 5 and Gare side and end 5 elevations'rcspectirely of a modification of the chain-armature.

The letters in the drawings refer to parts described in the specification.

In the di awings, Adesignates the car-wheels,

0 B the axles, (J O the usual brakes, c the brake-lever, b the rod connecting corresponding brakes of a truck, and a the brake-rod connecting the lever c with the brake-shaft, these parts constituting the main features of the ordinary hand-brake system, all of which I employ directly, excepting the connectingrod a and the hand-wheel, the latter being retained as an alternative means of braking for emergencies.

For the application of the electromagnetic force I attach rigidly to one of the car-axles an insulated metallic spool, D, forming the core of a polarizing helix or helices, h, by which flanges d, with which the spool is provided, are rendered magnetic by the passage of the 5 5 electric current through the helices, and caused to attract the bars 0 of a chain-armature, E, which is thereby wound upon the flanges by the rotation of the spool. The armature, bein g connected by intermediate appliances with the brake-lever c, actuates the brakes. The spool D is preferably a cylinder of cast-iron or other suitable material, provided with flanges d and divided longitudinally into two parts for convenience of attachment to. the axle, to which it is rigidly secured by keys or otherwise, the parts being preferably soldered together when in position upon the axle to form a substantially homogeneous tube surrounding the same. The flanges cl are formed with overlapping ends, as shown, through which suitable bolts are passed, thus securely holding the parts ofthe spool together. The helices h, wound upon the spool between contiguous flanges, may be separate from each other and provided with separate battery-connections, or connected in one substantially continuous coil throughout, the latter arrangement being preferred. The ends of the wires are carried out beyond the end of the spool and connected with two grooved collars, F F, secured rigidly to, but insulated from,each other and from the axle, upon which collars two rings, f f, are fitted and provided with binding-posts, with which connections are formed with the electrical generator. The rings may be prevented from rotating by chains or links connecting them with the body of the car, and are designed to preserve a constant electrical contact with their collars, through which the current is transmitted to the revolving magnet D.

The chain-armature E consists of a number of bars, 6, of iron, held by links 0 at suitable distances apart and parallel to the axis of the spool D. The armature is suspended by loose yokes y from the axle, or from collars provided upon the axle at either side of the spool D. The yokes are arranged to retain the'end bar of the armature with sufflcient radial play in relation to the spool D to permit the bar to remain normally out of contact with the peripheries of the flanges d, but within the circumference of magnetic attraction, so that when the magnet is charged by the current this bar will be attracted and caused to adhere to the periphery of the flanges and revolve with the spool, thus drawing all the bars of the chain-armature successively into contactupon the revolving flanges. The armature E terminates in one or more chains connected witha winding-drum, G, upon which the brakechain is arranged to wind, and thus actuate the brake-lever 0, to which the chain is connected. For the purpose of multiplying the power the armature-chain is secured at its remote end to the periphery ot'a sheave or sheaves secured upon the drum-shaft g, the drum-shaft and sheave forming a windlass, which is hung in suitable links, 9, from the bottom of the car, or otherwise secured, either horizontally or vertically, in suitable journal-bearings.

The bars e are preferably rectangular in sec' tion, and are journaled loosely in the connecting-links 6, so as to turn and adjust themselves properly to the face of the flanges. The flanges d may be re-enforced by disks of steel at the sides, as a means of preventin g the wear caused by the bars 0 or removable tires of iron may be used for the same purpose.

A modification of the chain armature is shown in Figs, 5 and 6. In this the bars 0 are held parallel in radial slots in two disks, H, arranged loosely upon the axle at the sides of the spool l). The disks are provided with hubs, upon which collars i are fitted, by which the disks are suspended from the car or truck body, practically out of contact with the axle and the spool-magnet. The bars have sulficient radial play in their holding-slots in the disks to allow them to remain normally out of mechanism, as set forth.

2. In an electromagnetic-brake apparatus, a spool-magnet adapted to be secured upon and to revolve with a car-axle or other shaft provided with flanges whose peripheral faces are the contact-surfaces for the armature, in combination with an armature consisting of one or more bars arranged parallel to the axle and normally out of contact with the magnet, but to be drawn by magnetic force thereto and caused to revoke therewith, substantially as specified.

3. In combination with a revolving spoolmagnet, the chain-armature E, as constructed, consisting of rectangular bars (2, connected by links 0 at suitableintervals, in which the bars are journaled, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

AUGUSTUS L. DUWELIUS.

Witnesses:

G. P. DOOLITILE, O. F. Hnssna. 

